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Guide / Reference for Japanese album credits
Abbreviations
Please note that these are not conclusive lists - one abbreviation could refer to more than what's listed here General OP = Opening ED = Ending M = Music CV = Character Voice OST = Original Soundtrack / Original Sound Track OSV = Original Sound Version MV = Music Video Roles and instruments A. Gt / Ag = Acoustic Guitar Apf / A. Piano = Acoustic Piano(forte) A. Sax = Alto Saxophone B. Sax = Bariton Saxophone Ba / Bs = Bass Cho = Chorus Cla = Clarinet Cperc / Cla Perc / C.P = Classic Percussion Con / Cond = Conductor Cb = Contrabass Dr = Drums EB = Electric Bass E. Gt / Eg = Electric Guitar Ep = Electric Piano Fag = Fagotto Fl / Flu = Flute Fr Horn = French Horn G / Gt / Gtr = Guitar Hn / Hr = Horn Key = Keyboard Lat / Lpc = Latin Percussion Ob = Oboe Per / Perc = Percussion Pf / Pt = Piano(forte) Sax = Saxophone St = String Syn = Synthesizer T. Sax = Tenor Saxophone Tb = Trombone Tp = Trumpet Va / Vla = Viola Vn / Vl / Vln = Violin Vc / Vlc = Violincello Vo = Vocal Wb = Wood bass Japanese credits General 曲目 = Tracklist オープニングテーマ / オープニング主題歌 = Opening theme エンディングテーマ / エンディング主題歌 = Ending theme 挿入歌 = Insert Song (fictional) 劇中歌 = Performed Song (theatrical) アルバム = Album オリジナルサウンドトラック = Original Soundtrack オリジナルサウンドヴァージョン / オリジナルサウンドバージョン = Original Sound Version オリジナル・カラオケ = Original Karaoke アニメーション = Animation ドラマ = Drama Production 音楽 = Music 曲 = Track / Music / Song 作曲 = Composition 編曲 = Arrangement 作編曲 = Composition and arrangement 作詞 / 詩 = Lyrics 歌 / 唄 = Song (Vocals) 作曲者不明 = Unknown composer (音響)効果 = Sound effects 合唱団 / 合唱 / コーラス = Chorus 演奏 / 出演 = Performance 訳 = Translation 訳詞 = Lyric translation 英訳 = English translation アレンジ = Arrange ボーカル / ヴォーカル = Vocals ナレーション = Narration サウンド = Sound オーケストラ = Orchestra ゲスト・ミュージシャン = Guest Musicians ミュージック = Music 版権 = Copyright Staff 美術監督 = Art Director 助監督 = Assistant Director 撮影監督 = Cinematographer 色彩設計 = Color Design 協力 = Co-operation 構成 = Construction 販売協力 = Cooperating Distributor 監督 = Director 販売元 = Distributor 編集 = Editing 漫画 = Manga (Comic / Cartoon) 原案 = Original Draft 原画 = Original Picture 原作 = Original Work 演出 / 制作 = Production 発行 = Publication 発売元 = Publisher 脚本 = Screenplay / Scenario Writer 音響監督 = Sound Director 音響プロデュース = Sound Produce(r) 監修 = Supervision キャスト = Cast ディレクター / ディレクタ = Director イラスト = Illust(ration) ミキシング = Mixing プロデュース = Produce(r) Instruments 笛 = Flute 口琴 = Harmonica 尺八 = Shakuhachi 三味線 = Shamisen 鼓 = Drums 篳篥 = Hichiriki 篠笛 = Shinobue 琴 = Koto 琵琶 = Biwa 薩摩琵琶 = Satsuma Biwa 津軽三味線 = Tsugaru-jamisen 笙 = Shō 高麗笛 = Komabue 竜笛 = Ryuteki 二胡 = Erhu 鉄琴 = Glockenspiel 鉦鼓 = Shōko 能管 = Nokan 摺鉦 = Surigane 大鼓 = Otsuzumi / Ohkawa 木琴 = Xylophone ストリングス / 弦 = Strings キーボード = Keyboard フルート = Flute ギター = Guitar ベース = Bass コントラバス = Contrabass ドラム = Drums パーカッション = Percussion ブラス = Brass マンドリン = Mandolin アコーデイオン = Accordion ピアノ = Piano ピアニカ = Pianica (Melodica) オーボエ = Oboe クラリネット = Clarinet ホルン = Horn サックス / サクソフォーン = Sax / Saxophone チューバ = Tuba トランペット = Trumpet セロ / チェロ = Cello トロンボーン = Trombone ヴィオラ = Viola バイオリン・ソロ = Violin Solo シンセサイザー = Synthesizer マンドール = Mandore バスーン = Bassoon ファゴット = Fagotto フィドル = Fiddle イングリッシュホルン = English Horn コーラングレ / コール・アングレ = Cor anglais カヤグム = Kayagum ホーメイ = Khoomei イギル = Igil アナラポス = Analapos ヘグム = Haegeum ケンガリ = Kengari チャッパ = Chappa チャンゴ = Janggu Looking up Japanese characters First of all, you need to know what it is you're looking at. The main characters scripts you need to focus on are kanji, hiragana and katakana. Kana (hiragana+katakana): Consider the differences between hiragana あうもよつ vs katakana アウモヨツ (both examples are a/u/mo/yo/tsu respectively). You might not agree with me, but in my opinion, most hiragana characters are curvy or rounded in some way, and not as linear as katakana characters (from a "sans-serif font point of view" anyway). This is one thing that really helped me narrow it down in the past (i.e. before I knew most kana characters). Note also that in neither of the examples given are there more than 3 strokes (try to count them!) Both the hiragana and katakana scripts have few characters (in comparison to kanji anyway), so they can be found allover the net, in many different ways. Before I knew most kana characters and how they were written/read, I preferred to look up the tables on Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana If you know how to write your desired kana character(s) in romaji, or maybe just want to get a feel for how any kana is written, you can generate characters directly (in real-time) over on this site. I use this all the time these days. Kanji: It should be fairly easy to determine if a character is a kanji. A simple rule of thumb: does it have more than 3 strokes? Then you're probably looking at a kanji, because as hinted earlier, most kana don't have more than 3 strokes. I recommend memorizing kanji with 1-3 strokes (there aren't that many), so that you don't go looking for kana when it's a kanji, or vice versa. Counting strokes was my starting method of looking up kanji. The way I've learned to count strokes is to look at a few stroke order animations of various kanji. You can of course just look at lists ordered by stroke counts and try to guess the strokes, too, but that didn't work well for me in all cases (or it simply took too long to find it). When you think you've got the hang of how most types of strokes are drawn (e.g. 口 and 山 are both 3 strokes, and not 4, as one might think), it should be fairly easy to count the strokes of most kanji. When it's simply too hard to see all the strokes (which I know can happen), you probably want to resort to other methods, which might help narrowing down the possibilities at least. Below are a number of resources and different methods that may help: I often use these sites when going by the number of strokes: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of...y_stroke_count http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/c...wwwjdic.cgi?1B It is also possible to look up characters by combining so-called radicals, which are essentially parts used to compile a kanji. dancey has generously provided a tutorial for us on how this method can be used, and I highly recommend having a look at it if you have no idea what it is, as it will likely be of big help. In fact this is pretty much the only method I use to look up kanji nowadays. Here are some sites and programs that can be used for radical kanji lookup: WWWJDIC (web) Jisho (web) JquickTrans (software) WaKan (software) Tagaini Jisho (software) You can also try to have an OCR service identify the character(s) by uploading a picture: http://appsv.ocrgrid.org/nhocr/. Unfortunately, it is not always successful in recognizing the (proper) characters from the image, and it often fails, depending on the quality of the picture, the font style, etc. You should try using all the recognition methods available on the site, even if they're not meant to be used for the type of image you upload. I've found that resizing the image, and adding/removing some padding, or even redrawing the character(s) can also improve/affect the results sometimes. Out of respect for the creators/owners, please don't overuse this method. Use it if you're in a rush or if nothing else worked. It's not over yet: you can even draw characters directly. http://nciku.com has a pretty good tool which has actually worked good for me plenty of times! Be aware, though: they list some Chinese characters, too, and you wouldn't want to mix a Chinese character with kanji! http://kanji.sljfaq.org is another alternative, but it has not worked as good as nciku's tool for me. http://chasen.org/~taku/software/ajax/hwr/ I got this suggestion from dancey. I haven't tried it much. Final note: sites/programs could very well be missing a character (or even radicals) that you're looking for, so don't always rely on a single site/program. If there's something important I forgot, or if there is something to correct, please let me know! Last edited by Nisto; Apr 2, 2017 at 12:47 PM. |
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